Sokol Demaku<\/p>\n
Pjes\u00eb marr\u00eb nga libri i shkrimtar\u00ebve suedez Gun Kessele & Jan Myrdal \u201dAlbansk utmaning\u201d-\u201dSfida shqiptare\u201d botua n\u00eb vitin 1970 \u2022 Dizajni grafik: Leif Zetterling-Produktion \u2022 Shtypur n\u00eb Boktryckeri AB Thule, Stockholm, i cili sapo ka dalur nga shtypi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i kapsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexim eedhe p\u00ebr lexuesin shqiptar<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Sfida shqiptare <\/strong><\/p>\n N<\/strong>\u00eb Dh\u00ebrmi, po pushojm\u00eb. Kemi ardhur nga Vlora dhe kemi kaluar malet. Deti Jon \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb blu dhe uji \u00ebsht\u00eb i past\u00ebr, nd\u00ebrsa plazhi \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i bukur. M\u00eb pas, ulem n\u00eb verand\u00eb dhe pim\u00eb ver\u00eb nga Himara. Do t\u00eb donim t\u00eb q\u00ebndronim.<\/p>\n – Nuk mundemi. \u00cbsht\u00eb e ndaluar.<\/p>\n – Sezoni nuk ka filluar akoma. Ka shum\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb.<\/p>\n – \u00cbsht\u00eb e ndaluar, shok\u00eb.<\/p>\n – Ka shum\u00eb ndalime k\u00ebtu n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri?<\/p>\n – Aspak. Dh\u00ebrmiu \u00ebsht\u00eb plazhi i sindikatave. K\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb vijn\u00eb vet\u00ebm an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e sindikatave. Sepse ky \u00ebsht\u00eb bregdeti m\u00eb i mir\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Asnj\u00eb i huaj dhe asnj\u00eb burokrat.<\/p>\n – B\u00ebni nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim. Ka shum\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n – N\u00ebse b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr dy.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr dy, duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr kat\u00ebr. N\u00ebse b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr kat\u00ebr, duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr tet\u00eb. N\u00ebse b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr tet\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim p\u00ebr gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb, dhe pastaj p\u00ebr tridhjet\u00eb e dy, dyzet e kat\u00ebr, tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e tet\u00eb, nj\u00ebqind e dyzet e tet\u00eb, dyqind e pes\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e gjasht\u00eb, pes\u00ebqind e dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb, nj\u00eb mij\u00eb e shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e kat\u00ebr, dy mij\u00eb e dyzet e tet\u00eb, kat\u00ebr mij\u00eb e n\u00ebnt\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e gjasht\u00eb, tet\u00eb mij\u00eb e nj\u00ebqind e n\u00ebnt\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e dy, gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb e treqind e tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e kat\u00ebr, tridhjet\u00eb e dy mij\u00eb e shtat\u00ebqind e gjasht\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e tet\u00eb, gjasht\u00eb mij\u00eb…<\/p>\n – Un\u00eb thjesht po pyesja n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb k\u00ebtu gjat\u00eb nat\u00ebs.<\/p>\n -Gjasht\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e pes\u00eb mij\u00eb e pes\u00ebqind e tridhjet\u00eb e gjasht\u00eb, nj\u00ebqind e tridhjet\u00eb e nj\u00eb mij\u00eb e shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e dy. Jo, nuk mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroni k\u00ebtu. Kemi marr\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim n\u00eb parim p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Ky rregull vlen p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e sindikatave q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb angazhuar drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb prodhim mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb k\u00ebtu. Ne nuk b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtime p\u00ebr ask\u00ebnd. Nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar i komitetit qendror p\u00ebrpiqej t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte nj\u00eb nat\u00eb k\u00ebtu, por ne nuk b\u00ebm\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim. Turist\u00ebt dhe burokrat\u00ebt mund t\u00eb lahen n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs ose n\u00eb Sarand\u00eb. Dh\u00ebrmiu \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt.<\/p>\n -Ka mund\u00ebsi mesatare por asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtimi dhe nj\u00ebqind e tridhjet\u00eb e tre mij\u00eb e shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e dy p\u00ebrjashtime.<\/p>\n -Nuk ka mund\u00ebsi mesatare. Shiko shtetet revizioniste.<\/p>\n Shiko si duken plazhet e tyre. Ne kemi m\u00ebsuar nga zhvillimi i tyre. K\u00ebshtu nuk do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb k\u00ebtu. Ajo fillon me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim dhe n\u00eb fund ka vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrjashtime dhe asnj\u00eb pun\u00ebtor.<\/p>\n Deti Jon ishte shum\u00eb blu dhe ne pim\u00eb ver\u00ebn e shijshme nga Himara. K\u00ebtu n\u00eb Dh\u00ebrmi, dikur \u00e7ekosllovak\u00ebt kishin k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonin nj\u00eb hotel luksoz.<\/p>\n Ata do t\u00eb sillnin materiale nd\u00ebrtimi nga \u00c7ekosllovakia. Do t\u00eb kishin pastruese dhe kalimtar\u00eb nga \u00c7ekosllovakia. Do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin miellin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb dhe birr\u00ebn e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb shtriheshin n\u00eb diellin ton\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb notonin n\u00eb detin ton\u00eb. Por at\u00ebher\u00eb qeveria jon\u00eb tha: Shqip\u00ebria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb koloni. N\u00ebse doni t\u00eb kaloni pushime k\u00ebtu n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroni. Por n\u00ebse doni t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb enklav\u00eb t\u00eb \u00c7ekosllovakis\u00eb pran\u00eb detit, duhet t\u00eb shkoni n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n Hrushovi ishte k\u00ebtu dhe shikoi.<\/p>\n -Nuk duhet ta shkat\u00ebrroni peizazhin me industri, – tha ai. – Ne do t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb ndarje socialiste t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Ne do t\u00eb industrializohemi dhe ju do t\u00eb kultivoni limona. At\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb vijm\u00eb t\u00eb notojm\u00eb tek ju.<\/p>\n Por, at\u00ebher\u00eb, qeveria jon\u00eb tha:<\/p>\n -Shoku, Hrushov, – ne nuk duam t\u00eb b\u00ebhemi nj\u00eb vend pushimesh p\u00ebr funksionar\u00ebt sovjetik\u00eb. Ne do t\u00eb ndjekim k\u00ebshill\u00ebn e shokut Stalin dhe do ta industrializojm\u00eb vendin. CIA d\u00ebrgoi agjent\u00eb k\u00ebtu. I soll\u00ebn ata nga Italia dhe i hodh\u00ebn me parashut\u00eb. Por ne i kap\u00ebm. Kishin pajisje t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera radiografike. Ata do t\u00eb krijonin nj\u00eb baz\u00eb k\u00ebtu n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. V\u00ebllai im ishte n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e siguris\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb. Ai foli me shok\u00ebt n\u00eb komitetin qendror dhe tha q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonim edhe nga CIA. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb ishin dakord. Ne kishim radion e tyre dhe kodet e tyre dhe gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb informuam CIA-n n\u00eb Rom\u00eb se tani po shkonin mir\u00eb ngjarjet e rebelimit. Na duhej vet\u00ebm m\u00eb shum\u00eb arm\u00eb. Dhe CIA fluturoi me raketa dhe eksploziv\u00eb dhe arm\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha llojeve. Dhe sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb ata d\u00ebrgonin, aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb raportonim p\u00ebr sukseset. Dhe CIA vazhdonte t\u00eb fluturonte ngarkesat me arm\u00eb, nj\u00eb pas nj\u00eb, dhe sapo ato arrinin, i merrnim arm\u00ebt. Ishin vet\u00ebm arm\u00eb. Dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb lira gjithashtu. Por, n\u00eb fund, edhe CIA e kuptoi se di\u00e7ka nuk shkonte. Ata kishin sjell\u00eb me an\u00eb t\u00eb ajrit shum\u00eb arm\u00eb, por nuk kishte ndodhur asgj\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. At\u00ebher\u00eb i treguam si i kishim mashtruar. K\u00ebt\u00eb e d\u00ebrguam me kodin e tyre t\u00eb vet. M\u00eb pas, b\u00ebm\u00eb nj\u00eb trokitje: Ha-ha-ha!<\/p>\n Republika Popullore e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb. Nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb ndaj Uashingtonit, por edhe ndaj Mosk\u00ebs. Nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb ndaj Rom\u00ebs, por edhe ndaj Beogradit. Gjeneral\u00ebt n\u00eb Athin\u00eb dhe Kremlin, dhe Pentagoni, lider\u00ebt komunist\u00eb zyrtar\u00eb n\u00eb Paris, sh\u00ebrbimi i shtypit i Vatikanit dhe ish-drejtoresha e Sonderbeauftragte t\u00eb Jashtme t\u00eb Hitlerit p\u00ebr Juglindjen, Herman Neubacher, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata u bashkuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb d\u00ebnim t\u00eb nj\u00ebz\u00ebsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb njohur thell\u00eb t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs Popullore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n Sfida shqiptare nuk q\u00ebndron n\u00eb faktin q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fuqi bot\u00ebrore q\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon fqinj\u00ebt e saj me luft\u00eb. Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vend i vog\u00ebl. \u00cbsht\u00eb m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl se Sm\u00e5land. Ka madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb gjysm\u00eb Liqeni Ladoga. \u00cbsht\u00eb vendi i dyt\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm Luksemburgu \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl. (Andorra, Monako dhe San Marino nuk jan\u00eb shtete t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta t\u00eb pavarura). Popullsia \u00ebsht\u00eb e vog\u00ebl. Vet\u00ebm Islanda dhe Luksemburgu kan\u00eb m\u00eb pak banor\u00eb.<\/p>\n Sfida nuk q\u00ebndron n\u00eb faktin q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria ka pushtuar dhe okupuar vende t\u00eb huaja, ka d\u00ebbuar ose p\u00ebrz\u00ebn\u00eb popullat\u00ebn origjinale. Lufta e tyre p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare ka qen\u00eb e gjat\u00eb dhe e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Kur fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, rreth 60 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, e pranuan me ngurrim ekzistenc\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, ata t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn kufijt\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb gjysma e popullsis\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb mbetej jasht\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n Vet\u00eb ekzistenca e vendit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb. Me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje sekrete p\u00ebr ndarjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. K\u00ebto diskutime vazhdojn\u00eb edhe sot. Kur Hrushovi flirtonte me Athin\u00ebn, ai p\u00ebrs\u00ebriti gjithashtu ofert\u00ebn e Perandoris\u00eb Ruse m\u00eb 22 n\u00ebntor 1914, q\u00eb Greqia t\u00eb merrte “pjes\u00ebn jugore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb”. Fakti q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria vazhdon t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb aeroportin e Rom\u00ebs, udh\u00ebtar\u00ebt nga Tirana regjistrohen me kujdes nga policia sekrete. NATO po zhvillon manovra pran\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Flotat e superfuqive lundrojn\u00eb pran\u00eb brigjeve shqiptare dhe militarist\u00ebt sovjetik\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnojn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb me luft\u00eb. Por ky vend i vog\u00ebl refuzon t\u00eb n\u00ebnshtrohet ndaj fqinj\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj dhe superfuqive t\u00eb fuqishme. Ai k\u00ebmb\u00ebngul t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij komb\u00ebtare, pavar\u00ebsisht vendimeve t\u00eb marra n\u00eb Pentagon apo n\u00eb Kremlin.<\/p>\n Kur \u00c7ekosllovakia u pushtua, Shqip\u00ebria theksoi se kjo ishte rezultat i marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb turpshme midis Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara dhe udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve t\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik. Tirana e tha hapur at\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt vet\u00ebm e p\u00ebshp\u00ebritnin: n\u00ebse populli i Spanj\u00ebs do t\u00eb ngrihej kund\u00ebr fashizmit, Kombet e Bashkuara do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynin p\u00ebr ta shtypur at\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa Bashkimi Sovjetik do t\u2019i d\u00ebnonte Kombet e Bashkuara me fjal\u00eb, por do t\u2019i mb\u00ebshteste me veprime. Kur ishte fjala p\u00ebr sulmin e Bashkimit Sovjetik ndaj \u00c7ekosllovakis\u00eb, Tirana paralajm\u00ebroi Pentagonin dhe Kremlinin, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria nuk ishte nj\u00eb fik i but\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb g\u00eblltitej nga ndonj\u00eb superfuqi.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb sulm ndaj Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjej me nj\u00eb luft\u00eb popullore q\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb njihte kufij dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pashmangshme do t\u00eb \u00e7onte n\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb bot\u00ebrore. Burrat shtet\u00ebror\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs, si n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara, ashtu edhe n\u00eb Bashkimin Sovjetik, e konsiderojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb pahijshme dhe nxitje p\u00ebr luft\u00eb. Ata, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebjetes\u00eb paq\u00ebsore. Si n\u00eb \u00c7ekosllovaki, ashtu edhe n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb.<\/p>\n Mungesa e mir\u00ebsjelljes shqiptare nuk kufizohet vet\u00ebm te fakti q\u00eb qeveria e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehur e gatshme t\u00eb mbrohet, si kund\u00ebr Pentagonit, ashtu edhe Kremlinit dhe fuqive m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla. Edhe n\u00eb Kombet e Bashkuara, Shqip\u00ebria ka treguar nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb thell\u00eb papajtueshm\u00ebrie n\u00eb sesionin e n\u00ebnt\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb t\u00eb Asambles\u00eb s\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithshme, delegati shqiptar, Halim Budo, ngriti nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje procedurale. Ai propozoi q\u00eb t\u00eb respektoheshin rregullat e statutit.<\/p>\n Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb fuqia e ndonj\u00eb makinerie t\u00eb fuqishme ushtarake ajo q\u00eb i mund\u00ebson Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb politik\u00eb. I gjith\u00eb populli shqiptar \u00ebsht\u00eb i armatosur, por flota, aviacioni dhe forcat e blinduara \u2013 natyrisht \u2013 nuk jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb forta. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit sovjetik\u00eb u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb minonin mbrojtjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, duke u dh\u00ebn\u00eb oficer\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre urdhrin p\u00ebr t\u00eb vjedhur tet\u00eb n\u00ebndet\u00ebset shqiptare n\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 1961. \u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se kjo vjedhje zem\u00ebroi shqiptar\u00ebt, por ajo nuk arriti t\u00eb dob\u00ebsonte mbrojtjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, e cila mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb faktin q\u00eb i gjith\u00eb populli \u00ebsht\u00eb i armatosur dhe mund t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb malet e tij.<\/p>\n Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndonj\u00eb pasurie n\u00eb kuptimin ekonomik q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb nj\u00eb linj\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb si t\u00eb ishte Shqip\u00ebria nj\u00eb republik\u00eb tregtare e pasur; nj\u00eb Venedik, nj\u00eb qytet i Hanzeve. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb si p\u00ebr gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb shekuj m\u00eb par\u00eb kur Durr\u00ebsi ishte nj\u00eb nga qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme tregtare n\u00eb rajonin e Mesdheut. Gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs nd\u00ebrmjet luft\u00ebrave, Shqip\u00ebria ishte vendi m\u00eb i varf\u00ebr n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb. Ishte nj\u00eb polikoloni italiane. Nuk kishte as treqind teknik\u00eb diplomuar n\u00eb shkolla t\u00eb larta. Biblioteka e saj komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebrmbante vet\u00ebm 12,000 v\u00ebllime. Populli jetonte n\u00eb varf\u00ebri t\u00eb thell\u00eb. Por revolucioni e ka ngritur vendin nga kjo varf\u00ebri.<\/p>\n Me bllokada dhe embargo tregtare, si Uashingtoni, ashtu edhe Moska kan\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb urdh\u00ebrojn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb bindje dhe n\u00ebnshtrim. Kjo nuk ka pasur sukses. Shqip\u00ebria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e pasur. Ajo ende \u00ebsht\u00eb e sh\u00ebnuar nga varf\u00ebria e s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs. Por n\u00eb fshatrat kufitare shqiptare me Greqin\u00eb ndri\u00e7on drita elektrike nga shkollat, industrive t\u00eb vogla dhe sht\u00ebpit\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa fshatrat nga ana tjet\u00ebr e kufirit jan\u00eb n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00eb totale. Shqip\u00ebria po zhvillohet.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Por sfida shqiptare \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e thell\u00eb se kaq.<\/strong> Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm q\u00eb populli ka arritur dhe ruan pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij komb\u00ebtare dhe zhvillon ekonomin\u00eb e tij. Ky vend i vog\u00ebl malor, q\u00eb po transformohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend industrial, po realizon k\u00ebt\u00eb transformim me q\u00ebllime dhe metoda q\u00eb jan\u00eb shpallur utopike dhe ekonomikisht t\u00eb pamundura nga vendimmarr\u00ebsit n\u00eb Stokholm, n\u00eb Bon, n\u00eb Beograd, n\u00eb Uashington, n\u00eb Mosk\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Nju-Delhi.<\/p>\n Ajo q\u00eb Banka Bot\u00ebrore, EEC dhe Comecon e shpallin t\u00eb pamundur, po realizohet n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n I gjith\u00eb vendi po zhvillohet. Zonat e “varfra” nuk lejohen t\u00eb b\u00ebhen si ndonj\u00eb Norrland apo ndonj\u00eb Sicili. Industrializimi realizohet n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb me luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr burokracis\u00eb dhe zvog\u00eblimin e aparateve administrative. (Nga viti 1966 deri n\u00eb 1969, numri i personave t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00eb organet administrative n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb ndryshme u ul me 17% dhe shpenzimet p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn administrative u ul\u00ebn me 79 milion lek\u00eb t\u00eb rinj, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb prodhimi u rrit dhe numri i personave t\u00eb arsimuar n\u00eb universitet u rrit ndjesh\u00ebm). Shqip\u00ebria q\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb vend agrar i pas zhvilluar, q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb siguronte ushqim p\u00ebr popullsin\u00eb e saj, q\u00eb eksportonte portokaj dhe importonte marmelat\u00eb, q\u00eb burimet e saj t\u00eb naft\u00ebs i kishin t\u00eb huajt dhe arsimi i saj drejtohej nga t\u00eb huajt \u2013 tani \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb-p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebse me ushqime dhe eksporton produkte industriale. N\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb rris\u00eb kultivimin e duhanit dhe t\u00eb shes\u00eb duhan dhe t\u00eb importoj\u00eb grur\u00eb, po zvog\u00eblohet investimi n\u00eb kultivimin e duhanit dhe po rritet kultivimi i grurit dhe eksportohen telat e bakrit.<\/p>\n Kjo politik\u00eb realizohet n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vend i vog\u00ebl dhe i varf\u00ebr. Ka armiq t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm p\u00ebrreth. Kina, aleat\u00ebt e saj, ndodhen nga ana tjet\u00ebr e globit. Por atje, n\u00eb bregun per\u00ebndimor t\u00eb gadishullit t\u00eb Ballkanit, Shqip\u00ebria tani paraqet nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb ndaj rendit bot\u00ebror. Ajo nuk e pranon q\u00eb bota t\u00eb ndahet mes superfuqive. Ajo nuk pranon zhvillimin, q\u00eb thuhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb i pashmangsh\u00ebm nga ata q\u00eb sundojn\u00eb n\u00eb vendet kapitaliste, n\u00eb vendet e Evrop\u00ebs Lindore dhe n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet Suedia me ekonomi t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier.<\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb kjo sfid\u00eb ndaj rendit bot\u00ebror t\u00eb dominuar, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja se si e shohin shqiptar\u00ebt mjekr\u00ebn apo fundet e shkurtra.<\/p>\n Ne kishim ardhur nga Shkodra dhe ishim rrug\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00eb Fier, duke q\u00ebndruar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nat\u00eb n\u00eb hotel \u201cAdriatik\u201d n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs. Ishte tet\u00eb shtatori dhe sezoni turistik po shkonte drejt fundit. N\u00eb mbr\u00ebmje q\u00ebndronim n\u00eb tarrac\u00ebn jasht\u00eb dhom\u00ebs son\u00eb. Pim\u00eb duhan dhe d\u00ebgjonim detin. \u2014 K\u00ebtu u themelua qyteti Epidamnos dy mij\u00eb e pes\u00ebqind vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, – tha Gun. – Nj\u00eb hinterland pjellor dhe nj\u00eb port i mbrojtur.<\/p>\n N\u00eb mes t\u00eb nat\u00ebs u zgjuam nga z\u00ebra me theks skandinav. Tre biznesmen\u00eb nga Malm\u00f6 kishin mb\u00ebrritur. Tani po q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb tarrac\u00eb jasht\u00eb dritares s\u00eb dhom\u00ebs son\u00eb t\u00eb hotelit. Po pinin ver\u00eb dhe po bisedonin. Duket se po kalonin shum\u00eb mir\u00eb. Qeshnin me z\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Hesht\u00ebn vet\u00ebm rreth or\u00ebs tre t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit.<\/p>\n Ne q\u00ebndronim shtrir\u00eb n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00eb, dhoma mbante arom\u00eb deti. Gun tha:<\/p>\n \u2014 Dhe ishte k\u00ebshtu k\u00ebtu, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koloni t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, ku n\u00eb fakt filloi Lufta e Peloponezit. K\u00ebt\u00eb e lexova n\u00eb historin\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb Frash\u00ebrit. Aristokracia u d\u00ebbua nga populli. Por si aristokrat\u00ebt ashtu edhe populli ishin pronar\u00eb skllev\u00ebrish dhe e gjith\u00eb ajo luft\u00eb e madhe u b\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr pushtetin mbi tregjet dhe mbi skllev\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n Romak\u00ebt preferuan ta quanin qytetin me emrin e tij t\u00eb dyt\u00eb; Dyrrachium. Kjo nuk ishte aspak e \u00e7uditshme. Epidamnos ting\u00ebllonte tep\u00ebr si “damnum”<\/em>; d.m.th. d\u00ebm, humbje, disfat\u00eb. Dhe n\u00eb fakt, historia e Durr\u00ebsit u b\u00eb nj\u00eb histori disfatash t\u00eb vazhdueshme. Lufta p\u00ebr Durr\u00ebsin nuk p\u00ebrfundoi me Luft\u00ebn e Peloponezit.<\/p>\n \u2014 K\u00ebtu, n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, Pompeu triumfoi p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb fundit ndaj Cezarit, p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb marshonte drejt disfat\u00ebs s\u00eb tij t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb Farsalos. K\u00ebtu erdhi Teodoriku \u2014 i quajtur i Madh \u2014 me got\u00ebt e tij lindor\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 481. K\u00ebtu erdh\u00ebn bullgar\u00ebt. K\u00ebtu erdh\u00ebn norman\u00ebt \u2014 Robert Guiscard e pla\u00e7kiti Durr\u00ebsin n\u00eb vitin 1082. K\u00ebtu erdh\u00ebn kryqtar\u00ebt dhe aventurier\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7do lloji. Venediku e pushtoi Durr\u00ebsin, e humbi at\u00eb dhe e ripushtoi p\u00ebrs\u00ebri. Karli i Anzhu-s\u00eb \u2014 v\u00ebllai m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl i Luigjit t\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb \u2014 e mbajti Durr\u00ebsin t\u00eb pushtuar kur shpalli Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb. Serb\u00ebt dhe venedikasit luftuan p\u00ebr Durr\u00ebsin, nd\u00ebrsa turqit e pushtuan qytetin n\u00eb vitin 1501.<\/p>\n Nuk ishte rast\u00ebsi q\u00eb Durr\u00ebsi u b\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet i shum\u00ebp\u00ebrfolur dhe i lakmuar. Ai ndodhej n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pushtuesve. Nga ky port i favorsh\u00ebm, eksportoheshin skllev\u00ebr ilir\u00eb, vaj ulliri, grur\u00eb, l\u00ebkura dhe vajra. Mallrat mund t\u00eb ndryshonin me koh\u00ebn, por Durr\u00ebsi mbeti nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme tregtare n\u00eb Adriatik.<\/p>\n Nga Durr\u00ebsi, p\u00ebrmes Elbasanit drejt Selanikut, kalonte rruga e madhe ushtarake dhe tregtare q\u00eb lidhte dy pjes\u00ebt e Perandoris\u00eb Romake; Via Egnatia. Nga Durr\u00ebsi, rruga bregdetare shkonte drejt veriut p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb detit Adriatik dhe drejt jugut, p\u00ebrmes Butrintit, deri posht\u00eb n\u00eb Athin\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX, Durr\u00ebsi ishte nj\u00eb qytet i larg\u00ebt provincial me 5,000 banor\u00eb, nj\u00eb port i mbushur me balt\u00eb dhe me nj\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar. Ishte qyteti kryesor i sanxhakut t\u00eb Durr\u00ebsit, pjes\u00eb e vilajetit t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Osmane.<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, kryepeshkopi katolik romak dhe mitropoliti grek v\u00ebshtronin me xhelozi nj\u00ebri-tjetrin, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Italis\u00eb spiunonin kund\u00ebr nj\u00ebri-tjetrit. Sepse Rusia dhe Austro-Hungaria kishin lidhur nj\u00eb traktat miq\u00ebsie p\u00ebr ruajtjen e paqes n\u00eb gadishullin Ballkanik, ku ekuilibri nuk duhej t\u00eb trazohej: pjesa lindore e Ballkanit do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb sfer\u00ebn e interesit rus, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa per\u00ebndimore do t\u00eb ishte n\u00ebn ndikimin austriak.<\/p>\n Franca dhe Rusia kishin r\u00ebn\u00eb dakord q\u00eb Austro-Hungaria t\u00eb pengohej t\u00eb arrinte Selanikun, dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye Serbis\u00eb do t\u2019i jepej Durr\u00ebsi. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Italia dhe Austro-Hungaria, edhe pse aleate, njihnin se Shqip\u00ebria duhej t\u00eb ishte e pavarur. Italia dhe Rusia ishin bashkuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur Austro-Hungarin\u00eb larg Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Rusia dhe Anglia diskutonin p\u00ebr portet n\u00eb Adriatik.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin 1900, tregtia austriake me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb ishte kat\u00ebr her\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe se ajo italiane; por deri n\u00eb vitin 1907, tregtia italiane me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb ishte rritur dhe kishte tejkaluar at\u00eb austriake me nj\u00eb milion franga.<\/p>\n Interesi p\u00ebr Durr\u00ebsin mbeti i pandryshuar, nga dit\u00ebt e Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Peloponezit deri n\u00eb Luft\u00ebrat Ballkanike, dhe m\u00eb 7 prill \u2014 e Premtja e Madhe \u2014 t\u00eb vitit 1939, trupat italiane pushtuan Durr\u00ebsin pas nj\u00eb beteje t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sokol Demaku Pjes\u00eb marr\u00eb nga libri i shkrimtar\u00ebve suedez Gun Kessele & Jan Myrdal \u201dAlbansk utmaning\u201d-\u201dSfida shqiptare\u201d botua n\u00eb vitin 1970 \u2022 Dizajni grafik: Leif Zetterling-Produktion \u2022 Shtypur n\u00eb Boktryckeri AB Thule, Stockholm, i cili sapo ka dalur nga shtypi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i kapsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexim eedhe p\u00ebr lexuesin shqiptar \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sfida […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-botime-te-reja"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2597"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2597\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migjeni.se\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}